Figure 8

Figure 8. In my hypothetical medium, the amplitudes of waves add up in a reverse manner if they move in the opposite directions relative to each other. (See Rule 2 in Table 1.) When they are moving in the same direction, they add up normally. A central wave source has waves moving outwardly in all directions. Hence, a central wave source has pulses that move in opposite directions from each other. These pulses must have reverse amplitudes so they can add constructively. I color-coded these pulses along with the arrows pointing in the direction that each is moving. The black pulse and the red pulse are moving in opposite directions and their amplitudes are reversed. The same is true for the blue pulse and the green pulse. Therefore, the amplitudes of the pulses add up constructively. Notice that I can take the red pulse in image A or B and rotate it, and it will eventually coincide with the green, black, and blue pulses in turn. This means that the pulses are components of a completely smooth and continuous wave.

Image A lies on the Z, Y plane, and image B lies on the X, Y plane. I set the wave in image B to be 90 degrees out of phase with the wave in A. Hence, the waves in A are flat (zero amplitude) when the waves in B are at maximum amplitude and vice versa. I further state that there is an indefinite number of waves like the waves in A and B, and they are waving in between the waves in A and B. Also, the phases of the waves on these planes happen in a manner so that the closer the wave is to A’s wave, the more it is in phase with it. The same is true for the waves as they get closer to the wave in B. As a result, a spin is created as these wave pulses all wave or cycle through their phases. This approach allows the three-dimensional transversal wave source to exist without canceling amplitudes in any direction.